μεταμορφόω

I change the form, transform

Definition

The verb μεταμορφόω means to change form or transform, describing a complete and inward change that manifests outwardly. In the Gospels, it specifically refers to Jesus' transfiguration (Matthew 17:2, Mark 9:2), where His divine glory was visibly revealed in His appearance. In the Epistles, it describes the spiritual transformation of believers: Romans 12:2 speaks of the renewal of the mind, and 2 Corinthians 3:18 depicts believers being transformed into Christ's image by the Spirit.

Biblical Usage

This word is used four times in the New Testament. In the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew 17:2, Mark 9:2), it describes the miraculous, visible transfiguration of Jesus' physical appearance on the mountain. In Paul's letters, it describes ongoing spiritual transformation: Romans 12:2 urges believers not to conform to the world but be transformed by renewed minds, and 2 Corinthians 3:18 describes believers being transformed into Christ's likeness by the Lord's Spirit.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition μετά (meta, meaning 'with' or 'after,' implying change) and the verb μορφόω (morphoō, 'to form' or 'to shape'), from the root μορφή (morphē, 'form' or 'shape'). The compound emphasizes a change in essential form or appearance, not merely an external alteration. It is the source of the English word 'metamorphosis.'

Semantic Range

This word is central to understanding Christian spiritual formation. It highlights that salvation involves a profound, inward transformation (Romans 12:2) into the image of Christ (2 Corinthians 3:18), which is the work of the Holy Spirit. The Transfiguration narratives (Matthew 17:2, Mark 9:2) use this term to uniquely reveal Christ's divine glory, affirming His identity as the Son of God. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by emphasizing that Christian life is about a deep, Spirit-wrought change in one's very nature.

In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of metamorphosis was familiar from mythology (e.g., Ovid's 'Metamorphoses'), where gods changed form. The New Testament usage radically redefines this: it is not about capricious divine disguise but a revelation of true, divine glory (in Christ) and a genuine, moral/spiritual renewal (in believers) brought about by God's power.

ἀλλάσσω (allassō, G236) — to exchange or alter one thing for another, often more general. σχηματίζω (schēmatizō, G4964) — to fashion or conform to an external pattern or scheme, often superficial.

Word Details

Scripture References