ὁδεύω

I journey, travel

Definition

The verb ὁδεύω means to journey or travel, specifically along a road or path. In its single New Testament occurrence in Luke 10:33, it describes the action of the Samaritan traveling on the road from Jerusalem to Jericho. The word inherently implies movement from one place to another, often with a sense of purpose or destination. While it can be used generally for any travel, in the biblical context, it typically refers to land travel along established routes.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Luke 10:33, within the Parable of the Good Samaritan. It describes the Samaritan 'traveling' on the same dangerous road where the man was robbed and beaten. The usage is straightforward, depicting a person in the act of a journey, which sets the stage for his compassionate intervention.

Etymology

ὁδεύω is derived from the Greek noun ὁδός (hodos, G3598), meaning 'road,' 'way,' or 'journey.' The verb literally means 'to be on the road' or 'to go on a journey.' It is related to other Greek words for travel and pathways, emphasizing movement along a defined route.

Semantic Range

Though used only once, ὁδεύω is theologically significant in its narrative context. In Luke 10:33, it highlights the active, purposeful movement of the Samaritan, contrasting with the religious figures who 'passed by.' This journey becomes the vehicle for divine mercy and neighborly love, embodying Jesus's command to 'go and do likewise' (Luke 10:37). It subtly connects physical travel with the spiritual journey of living out God's commandments.

In the 1st-century Roman world, journeying was often dangerous, undertaken on foot or with animals along unpaved roads frequented by bandits, as depicted in the parable. Travel was a common reality for trade, religious pilgrimage, or official duties. The word ὁδεύω would evoke this familiar, often perilous experience of being a traveler, which makes the Samaritan's decision to stop and help a costly and counter-cultural act of courage.

πορεύομαι (poreuomai, G4198) — a more common and general verb for 'to go' or 'proceed,' often used for journeys but also for general movement. ὁδηγέω (hodēgeō, G3594) — means 'to lead' or 'guide' on a way, focusing on direction rather than the act of traveling itself. ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai, G565) — emphasizes 'going away' or 'departing' from a place.

Word Details

Scripture References