שַׁרְשָׁה
a chain (as rooted, i.e. linked)
Definition
The Hebrew noun שַׁרְשָׁה (sharshâh) refers to a chain, specifically a linked or interwoven chain. It appears only in Exodus 28:22, where it describes the chains of pure gold that are to be attached to the breastpiece of the high priest's ephod. The imagery suggests a chain that is firmly connected or rooted, likely indicating a series of interlocking links. This singular usage focuses on a specific, sacred object used in Israel's worship.
Biblical Usage
This word is used only once in the Old Testament, in Exodus 28:22, within the detailed instructions for constructing the high priest's garments. It specifies the material (pure gold) and purpose (to connect the breastpiece to the ephod) of these chains. Its usage is entirely cultic, related to the tabernacle and priesthood.
Etymology
שַׁרְשָׁה derives from the root שָׁרַשׁ (H8327), meaning 'to take root' or 'to root out.' This root connection implies the idea of something being firmly fixed or linked together, much like roots intertwine. It is a cognate of שַׁרְשְׁרָה (H8333), another word for 'chain,' which appears more frequently (e.g., in 1 Kings 7:17).
Semantic Range
Though used only once, this word holds theological significance as part of the divinely ordained priestly garments described in Exodus. These golden chains symbolically connected the breastpiece (holding the Urim and Thummim) to the ephod, representing the inseparable link between God's guidance and the high priest's mediatory role. Understanding this specific term highlights the precision and sacredness of God's instructions for approaching Him.
In the ancient Near East, chains of precious metals were symbols of authority, honor, and connection. The specific use of pure gold chains in a religious context set apart these items for holy service, distinguishing them from common jewelry or secular adornment. The craftsmanship required to create such linked chains reflected the high value placed on the priestly garments.
שַׁרְשְׁרָה (sharshᵉrâh, H8333) — A more general term for 'chain,' used for architectural and decorative purposes (e.g., on temple pillars).
Word Details
How this works
Hebrew definitions are from Brown-Driver-Briggs (1906) and Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (1890), both public domain. BDB was groundbreaking for its era but reflects 19th-century assumptions about Semitic etymology. Modern scholarship (HALOT, DCH) has revised many entries. Use these definitions as a starting point for exploration, not as the final word on a term's meaning in context.
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