συγκατατίθημι

I give a vote with, assent to

Definition

The verb συγκατατίθημι means to agree with, consent to, or give one's vote alongside others. It carries the sense of deliberate, formal assent, often in a judicial or official context. In its single New Testament occurrence in Luke 23:51, it describes Joseph of Arimathea's dissent: he 'did not consent' (οὐκ ἦν συγκατατεθειμένος) to the Sanhedrin's decision and action against Jesus. This highlights a personal, moral refusal to join a collective verdict.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only once in the New Testament, in Luke 23:51, describing Joseph of Arimathea's character. The context is the official proceedings of the Jewish council (Sanhedrin) regarding Jesus. The usage implies a formal process of deliberation and voting, from which Joseph deliberately withheld his consent. It paints a picture of individual courage against a group decision.

Etymology

Derived from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together'), the verb κατατίθημι (katatithēmi, meaning 'to lay down, deposit, or consent'). Literally, it means 'to lay down or deposit [one's vote/opinion] together with [others].' It is a compound verb emphasizing joint action or agreement in a formal setting.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it highlights the theme of righteous dissent and non-conformity to evil. Joseph of Arimathea's refusal to 'consent' to the Sanhedrin's action models faithful courage and integrity, standing apart from a corrupt religious authority. Understanding this Greek term enriches the reading of Luke 23:51 by emphasizing the formal, deliberate nature of his disagreement, which was a risky act of discipleship.

In its 1st-century Jewish context, the word likely evokes the formal voting procedures of the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling council. Giving one's vote or consent was part of an official legal process. Joseph's lack of consent was not merely a private opinion but a recorded dissent in a high-stakes judicial action, carrying potential social and political repercussions.

συμφωνέω (symphōneō, G4856) — to be in harmony or agreement, generally less formal. ὁμολογέω (homologeō, G3670) — to confess, declare openly, often publicly. συντίθημι (syntithēmi, G4934) — to put together, agree, arrange (broader, can mean 'covenant').

Word Details

Scripture References