συγκρίνω

I combine, compare

Definition

The verb συγκρίνω primarily means 'to compare' or 'to combine.' In the New Testament, it carries the sense of making a careful comparison between things or persons, as seen in 2 Corinthians 10:12, where Paul criticizes those who 'compare themselves with themselves.' In 1 Corinthians 2:13, the meaning shifts slightly to 'to interpret' or 'to explain,' referring to communicating spiritual truths with spiritual words, combining or fitting words to the concepts.

Biblical Usage

This word is used only twice in the New Testament, both times by the Apostle Paul. In 1 Corinthians 2:13, it describes the spiritual interpretation of divine revelation. In 2 Corinthians 10:12, it is used in a polemical context to critique self-promoting comparisons. The usage shows a pattern of applying the core idea of 'bringing together for evaluation' to both the exposition of truth and the folly of human boasting.

Etymology

From σύν (syn, 'with') and κρίνω (krinō, 'to judge, decide'). It literally means 'to judge together' or 'to bring together for judgment,' which naturally extends to comparing, combining, or interpreting. Cognates include σύγκρισις (sygkrisis), meaning 'comparison.'

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it touches on two key areas: divine revelation and human pride. In 1 Corinthians 2:13, it underscores that true spiritual understanding comes from God and is communicated appropriately, guarding against human wisdom. In 2 Corinthians 10:12, it warns against the worldly, self-justifying practice of comparison, highlighting that the Christian's standard is Christ, not other people. Understanding this Greek term enriches reading by clarifying the contrast between godly interpretation and ungodly evaluation.

In the Greco-Roman world, comparison (σύγκρισις) was a common rhetorical and philosophical tool for evaluation and argument. Paul's use in 2 Corinthians 10:12 likely engages this cultural practice to subvert it, showing that worldly standards of comparison are foolish and divisive within the Christian community.

παραβάλλω (paraballō, G3846) — to place beside, often for comparison, but with a stronger sense of juxtaposition. ἀντιπαραβάλλω (antiparaballō, G479) — to compare one thing with another, emphasizing a reciprocal or contrasting comparison.

Word Details

Scripture References