יָמַן
to be right-handed or take the right-hand side
Definition
The Hebrew verb יָמַן (yâman) means to be right-handed, to turn or go to the right, or to choose the right-hand side. In its literal sense, it describes a physical orientation, as when Abraham tells Lot to choose a direction: 'If you take the left hand, then I will go to the right; or if you take the right hand, then I will go to the left' (Genesis 13:9). Figuratively, it can imply a favorable or skillful direction, as seen in the description of ambidextrous warriors who could 'use both the right hand and the left' (1 Chronicles 12:2). In Ezekiel 21:16, the command to 'set yourself, turn to your right hand' is part of a prophetic oracle of judgment.
Biblical Usage
This verb is used only four times in the Old Testament. It appears in narrative (Genesis 13:9, 2 Samuel 14:19, 1 Chronicles 12:2) and prophetic (Ezekiel 21:16) contexts. In Genesis 13:9 and 2 Samuel 14:19, it describes a deliberate choice of direction or position. In 1 Chronicles 12:2, it is used to describe physical skill with weapons. In Ezekiel 21:16, it is part of a symbolic action commanded by God.
Etymology
The verb יָמַן is a denominative verb derived from the noun יָמִין (yāmîn, H3225), meaning 'right hand' or 'south.' As a primitive root, it carries the basic idea of being physically firm or right. Its usage is almost exclusively tied to the concept of the right side, emphasizing direction, dexterity, or position.
Semantic Range
While primarily a directional term, the 'right hand' in Scripture often symbolizes strength, favor, and blessing (e.g., Exodus 15:6, Psalm 16:11). The action of 'turning to the right' (יָמַן) can thus subtly connect to themes of divine guidance and chosen paths. Understanding this verb enriches reading by highlighting the intentionality behind directional choices in biblical narratives and their potential symbolic weight.
In the ancient Near East, the right hand was culturally associated with strength, skill, and favor, while the left could sometimes carry negative connotations. Being right-handed was the norm, so the ability to use both hands, as noted in 1 Chronicles 12:2, was a notable and prized martial skill. The directional choice in passages like Genesis 13:9 would have been understood as a significant, binding agreement.
יָמִין (yāmîn, H3225) — The noun 'right hand' or 'south,' from which יָמַן is derived. שׂמאל (śem'ôl, H8040) — The noun 'left hand' or 'north,' the direct antonym in directional contexts.
Word Details
How this works
Hebrew definitions are from Brown-Driver-Briggs (1906) and Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (1890), both public domain. BDB was groundbreaking for its era but reflects 19th-century assumptions about Semitic etymology. Modern scholarship (HALOT, DCH) has revised many entries. Use these definitions as a starting point for exploration, not as the final word on a term's meaning in context.
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