Associate (Hastings' Dictionary)

Only Is 8», and there rellex., ' A. yoursel AV, „ „... ,.; .^ ,., ... ' Make an uproar' ; though Oel. jircfers Vl"] ' to lie evil ' ; while Cheyne follows LXX, 71'wTf (i.e. <v^), 'take knowledge.' J.Hastings. urselves, O ye peo|>le.' Ileb. \v^, not from 1;-; ' to friendly,' 'combine together,' as Targ., Vulg., V, etc. ; but from Vl"! ' to make a noise,' RV ASSOS Chaaoi), in the Roman province of Asia, was an ancient city on the 8. coast of the Troad, some miles E.

of Cape Lectum ; the yEolic dialect was spoken in it ; and it was said to be an ^olic ( ilony. It was nlanted on a hill that rises with a long steep assent from the water's edge and the natural strength was increased by walla which still stand in wonderfully good preservation. The sculptures of the temple o? Athena on the summit of the hill (most of which are now in Paris, the rest being in Constantinople and Boston, U.S.A.) are among the most important remains oi archaic Gr. art.

The harbour of A., formed by ar artificial mole, was situated at the foot of the hili on which the city stood ; and beside it now clustei the houses of the modern village Behram. This harbour gave the citT considerable importance in the coasting trade of ancient times (Ac 20"), as le attested by its coinage, which begins early in the oth cent, (when the city was released from the Persian domination), and continues as late as A.D. 235. The importance of A.

under the Pergamenian kings is shown by its re-foundation with the name Ajiollonia, a favourite Pergamenian name (Pliny, A'yy V. 123). The trade of great part of the S. Troad has passed through the harbour of A. at all periods of history. It was connected by a Roman road with Troas and the coast of the Troad generally, and the road from Troas to A. re- quired less time than the voyage round the long projection of Cape Lectum (Ac 20").

Wheat was extensively grown in the district, according to Strabo, p. 735 ; but valonia is the chief modern export. LiTEttATURB.— The best account ol A. 1» by J. T. Clarke, Rtport on the Inv^atigatifnui at Aawit, Boston 1882. Many iiiacriptions are published bv Sterrett io Papert of American School at Atunt, i. pp. 1-00. w. M. Ramsay. ASSUR (2 Es 2«)= AssHim, Assyria.