Band (Hastings' Dictionary)

Three words of difTerent ori^n and meaning but the same spelling are all found in AV. 1. Band = anything ths.t binds, whether for confinement or for strengthening. The Heb. words are (a) nijj^ 'Sbhvth, something twisted or twined. Job 39'" ' Canst thou bind the unicorn (RV ' wild-ox ') with his band ? ' Hos \\*'l drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love ' ; so Ezk 3=»48; but tr'' 'cords' Jg 15"- ", Ps 2» 118»' 129''.

It is the word tr'' 'voreathen (work)' in Ex 28"- 22- "• =» 39">- "■ '». (6) ni=x 'rsur (-h=k '(sur, Dn 4'»- », Ec 7»«), anything that will bind' whether a flaxen rope or an iron fetter. Jg 15" ' his (Samson's flaxen) bands dropped from off his hands ' ; Dn 4'' ' a band of iron and brass,' so Dn 4-'', Ec 7^.

(c) S;;n liebhel, a rope or cord, not for binding (though Ezk 27", Job 41', Est 1*) so much as for use on board ship (Is 33^), for fasten- ing tents (Is 33^), and especially for measuring, a measuring-line (2 S 8"^, Ps 78" etc.)

In AV liehhel is tr^ ' bands' only in Ps 119'" ' the bands of the wicked have robbed me' (wliere 'bands' no doubt = ' troops,' by mistrans" ; RV 'The cords of the wicked have wrapped me round ') ; and Zee 11'- ", the name of one of the two st^aves, ' Bands,' representing the brotherhood between Judah and Israel, the other, 'Beauty,' representing the covenant made with all the i)eople. (d) npio mOt/ih, the pole or chief part of the yoke that binds the oxen together.

In AV only Lv 26", Ezk 34=' (RV 'bars'), (e) '^'^'pj} harzvbbnh only in iihi.= blinds. Is 58' 'to loose the bands (RV 'l)onds')of wickedness' ; or pains, Ps 73'' 'there are no hands in their death.' (f) "ipto mo^cr, properly some BANl BANI\^ER 237 tiling for chastising, lience a bond for curbing, Job 39" ' who hatli loosed the bands of tlie wild ass?', Ps 2* 'Let us break their bands asunder,' 107", Is 2S» 5-2», Jer 2-'". In all these passages Amer. RV gives ' bonds,' but Eng.

Kv retains 'bands,' and even turns 'bonds' into 'bands' in Jer 5' ST' 30, where this is the Heb. word. ((7) .i;;f^3 mish'kluih, a rope to draw with, only Job 3S " ' or loose the bands of Orion ? ' The Greek words are (ft) Stands, eoraething that binds, Lk 8=", Ac 1C« 22'; (6) awdeff/xis, some- tliing that binds closelj^. Col 2'' 'all the body, being supplied and knit together tlirough tlie joints and bands'; and (c) feuxTijpfo, that which yokes, only in Ac 27* the fastening of tlie rudder.

In all these places 'bond' would be used in mod. English ; and ' bond ' is quite frequent in AV as tr" of some of those words, esp. Seafiis. 2. Band = a flat strip, a ribbon. (In this sense b. is from French bnnde ; but as the strip or strap would be used for binding, it came to be identified with 1. Both come originally from bindan ' to bind '). (a) ri-;^ sdpMh, ' a lip,' tr^ ' band ' only in E.\ 39" ' there was a hole in the midst of the robe . .

with a band (HV ' binding') round about the hole.' See also He,\DBAND (Is 3^ only), and SWADDI.IXGBAN'D (Job 3S» only). RV gives ' band ' for 'girdle,' a»n /UJs/iebh, in Ex 2,S''- "• »« 29» 39s. ». 2i_ Ly §7. (J) K\oi6t, a dog's collar, then any collar or chain for the neck (frequent in LXX, as On 41''^ '[Pharaoh] put a gold rhnin about bis [Joseph's] neck,' 1 Iv 12 'Thy fatlier made our yoke grievous '). kXoi6s is tr'' ' band ' Sir 6 ' her bands are purple lace.' 3. Band = troop, company.

(Its origin is difficult to trace. Du Cange say.s that the company of soldiers formed by Alfonso of Castile was called a iyndn, from the red banda or ribbon worn by them as a siish ; but Littr6 gives late Lat. bnnduin ' banner' as the original.) The Ileb. words so tr'' are (a) \m ar/nph, onlv plu. and only in Ezk 12" ,7Ji 3g(H>a. i. as 394 rV keeps ' bands ' in 12" 17-', Vnt gives 'hordes' in the other passages. The word means originally the wing of an army, A.s.syr. agappu.

(b) in: gidhudh, from [ti;] to penetrate, so a band invading a country, 'rr^ ' band ' in 2 S 4^, 1 K 11«, 2 K 6» 13="- 2f 24=''<», 1 Ch 7* 12'»- -\ 2 Ch 22'. RV retains, except 1 K 11" 'troop.' (c) VfJ Ai'yi7 = strength, a strong army, a force; tr'' 'band' only 1 S 10=" ('a b. of men,' RV 'the host') and Ezr 8" ('a b. of soldiers,' so RV). ((/) \sn fuJzi'f (pep. of [j'sol to divide, hence divided into companies. Only Pr 30" ' The locusts have no king, yet go they forth all of them by bands.'

{<:) nj;; mnhnnch, the ordinarj word for a 'camp.' Only Gn 32' ' Jacob . . divided the peojilo . . into two bands' (RV 'companies'), and 32'° 'and now I am become two bands' (RV 'companies'). (/) c^f■l r(5'.?/i = ' head,' only 1 Ch \2P (RV ' heads') and Job 1" 'Tlie Chaldivans made out three bands' (so RV). The only Or. word is airetpa, which was the usual equivalent of the Lat. coknrs, a co- hort, which when complete consisted of 60O regular Kiddiers, being the tenth part of a legion.

Cohorts, like regiments, hail their distingiiisliing names, of which we find the ' Italian,' Ac 10', and the 'Augustan,' 27'. In Jn is'- '^ the 'band' would aot consist of a whole cohort, so that <riretpa must have hiul some elasticity of usage ; cf. 2 Mac 8^. ' Hand ' as an intrans. verb occurs Ac 23" ' the Jews banded together ' (Toir)ffaKT«j avarpotpiiv, mak- ing a conspiracy ; the won! is ased of the riotous as-tenibly in Eplicsus, Ac 19*"). J. HASTINGS. BANl ('j;). — 1.

A Gadite, one of nn\'id's heroes (2 S -j;!") 2. 3. 4. Le>'ites (1 Ch 6« Neh 3", cf. 8' ( :- Blnnul of Ezr 8»» and Neh 10»)). 8. A Judahite (1 Ch 9*). 6. Head of a family of retaming exiles (Ezr 2'» =[Binnui of Neh 7"] 10=^, Neh lu"j. 7. One of those who had married foreign wives (Ezi 10^). The utmost uncertainty prevails as to the number of occurrences of the name B. owing to the confusion between it and similar names. See Bl.NNUI. J. A. SELBIE.

6ANIAS (B -Raviit, A BaW, AV Banid), 1 Es S" — Ancestor of Salimoth, who returned with Ezra from captivity. The name does not ajipear in the parallel list Ezr 8'", having prob. dropped out from Its resemblance to the preceding word 'sons' (ua). H. St. J. Thackeray.