Depart

The earliest meaning of 'depart' is 'diviile into parts ' (dls-parlire), as Nlaundeville, xi. 43 : ' The yerde of Moyses, with the wliilk he de- partid the Keed See.' Then to ' distribute,' as Jn 19" Gen. ' They departed my rayment among them.' Next came ' separate,' whicli occurs once (intrans.) in AV, Ac 15^^ 'they departed asunder one from the other ' [iiroxiipiioiiai, KV ' parted asunder'). This is the meanin" (but trans.) of 'depart' in the Pr. Bk.

, 'till death us depart,' which was retained from 1549 till 1662, when ' depart ' was changed into ' do part.' Cf. Ra 1" Gov. ' death onely sbal departe us.' J. Hastings. DEPUTY, the rendering once (1 K 22") of 3VJ, elsewhere in UT of .ins. I'he latter was a gover- nor subordinate to tlie satrap (which see), and is mentioned umler botli the Assyr. aud the Chald. governments (2 K 1S=", Ezk 2.3'>- ^), althougli the office seems to have been better delined under the Persian rule (Est 8° 9", cf.

Dehist. Inscr. col. iii. par. 3, § 4 ; par. 9, § 2). The deputies who were set over the lesser districts and cities within the satrap's proWnce occupied a position of con- siderable dignity and authority (Rawlinson, ..'Ijic. Man. iv. 416; cf. Xen. Hell. iii. 1. § 10-12; iv. 1. §1). In NT 'deputy' is AV tr. in Ac 13' 18" 19»» of ipSirarot, which is more accurately rendered in IIV * proconsul ' (which see). G. Walkeb. DERBE (A^p/St,, ethnic Atp^a7ot, Ac 20«, but AtppT/T-rit in Strabo, p.

569, and Cicero, ad Fam. liii. 73) was a city or Lycaonia, on the main road from Iconium (or Lystra), S.E. to Laranda. Of its early history nothmg is recorded. It was in the part of Lycaonia that was added to Cappadocia as an 'eleventh Strategia' by the Romans (prob. in B.C. 65) ; but, under the weak rule of theCappadocian kings, it was seized bv a native ruler, Antipater (called 'the roblier' by Strabo, p. 569, which merely shows that he opposed the Rom.

policy ; he was a friend of Cicero, ad Fam. xiii. 73). Amyntaa, king of (ialatia, conquered Derbe and Laranda, and at his deatli in B.C. 25 they passed with his kingdom to the Romans, were incorporated in the province Galatia, and sujipliud soldiers to the Rom. legions (CIL iii. 2709, 2818). In A.D. 37 or 41 Laranda was probably transferred to the kingdom of Antioclius, and the coins of king Antioclius mentioning the Lycaones mu.

st have been struck there ; hence from 41 to 72 Derbe became the fron- tier city of the Rom. province, and was honoured with tlie title Claudio-Derbe. Soon after, it was visited by St. Paul (Ac 14"), who, having here reached the extremity of Rom. territory, now turned back and retraced his former steps to Lystra, Iconium, Antioch, and Perga. Nothing is said in Ac about any sufferings of St. Paul at P.

, nor is it mentioned among the places (like Antioch, Toonium, and Lystra) where he had Butl'ered (2 Ti 3"). f'n his second journey, coming from Ciliiia (doulitlcss through the ' Cilici.'in Gates'), St. Paul pa.ssed through 1). to Lystra, etc., and on his third journey lie took tlie same route (ace. to those who maintain the ' S. Galatian' view, tliough most scholars consider that on this occasion he went northward from the 'Gates' through Cappadocia towards N. Galatia). Gaiua of D.

was one of the delegation which accom- jianied St. Paul to Jerusalem in charge of the contributions of the Pauline Churches for the benefit of the poor in Jems. (Ac 20'). According to the text of Codex Bezm, Gains is styled liou/Jpios; this is the ethnic derived from Doubra, doubtless a local pronunciation of the name (which may be compared with Seiblia or Silbion or Soublaion). A third form, AiXfifca, is mentioned by Stephanus Byzant. aa meaning 'juniper' in the Lycaonian tongue (cf. Ac 14").

Very little is recorded of D. in NT ; it is rarely mentioned in general history ; and in Christian history it hardly reapjiears until A.D. 381, when its bishop, Daphnus, was present at the Council of Constantinople. The site of D., after many diverse conjectures, was placed by Prof.

Sterrett at Zosta or Losta ; though the evidence is still not perfect, yet general considerations point conclusively to this neighbour- hood, and especially to a large mound called Gudelissin, evidently in great part artificial, from which protrude numerous remains of a city, about three miles N.W. of Zosta.

The buildings that remain above ground at Gudelissin are all of the Byzantine period ; but the mound has the appear- ance of great antiquity, as one of those sites where city has been built over city, until a liill is formed (like the 'mounds of Semiraniis' at Tyana and Zela, Strab. pp. 537, 559). The statement of Steplianus Byzant., that Derbe was a fortress and harbour (Xi/htji') of Isauria is erroneous ; aud the proposed change of text {Xlfi'V) b'" no authority.

LiTKRATiiRB about Derbe begins with Sterrett, Wo{fe Expe- dili'in in Atiia Minor, pp. 22 yu ; Losta was visited by .MM. liadct and Paris, who, however, wrontrlv identified it with Lystra, Bulletin de Conegpond. UelUnujur-, 188«, pp 60B-5I2 Tlie reasons for the identification of D with ZoatA are stat<!d by lianisay, Hist. Geog. of Asia Minor, p. 336 f., and more definitely (after a visit to the place) in Church in Rom, Ktnp. pp. 54-68 : St. Paul tht Trav. pp. 110 ft., 178 it. Sev Oalatia. W. M.

RAMSAY.