Ordain, ordinance

There are eleven Heb. or Aram. words translated ‘ordain’ in the OT of AV, and in the Apocr. and NT no fewer than twenty- one Greek words®* are so translated. When we add three Lat. words found in 2 Es we see that the Eng. verb had a wide range of meaning. Its meanings may, notwithstanding, be gathered under four heads. 4. 70 put in its proper place (the deriv. of the word is ordo, ordinis=‘ order’), make ready for any purpose. Thus Lk 1416 Tind.

‘A certayne man ordened a greate supper, and bade many’ ; Ac 648 Wye. ‘Thei ordeyneden false witnessis’; He 10° Tind. ‘A bodie hast thou ordeyned me’; Berners, Froissart, 18, ‘There was ordained three great battles (=divisions) afoot’ ; and Shaks. Rom. and Jul. tv. v. 84— * All things that we ordained festival, Turn from their office to black funeral.’ In AV this meaning is found in Ps 7% ‘He or- daineth his arrows against the persecutors,’ 132", 1Ch 17%, Is 30%, Tiab 14, He 95. 2.

To bring into existence, establish, as Dt 825 Tind. ‘Is not he thy father and thyne owner? hath he not made the and ordeyned the?’; Mk 7 Tind. ‘ Making the worde of God of none effecte, through youre awne tradicions which ye have ordeyned’; 12! Tind. ‘A certayne man planted a vineyarde.. and ordeyned a e presse’; He 3* Tind. ‘He that ordeyned all thinges is god’; Shaks. J Henry VI. rv. i. 33— ‘When first this order was ordained, my lords, Knights of the garter were of noble birth.

’ So in AV, Nu 28° ‘It is a continual burnt offering, which was ordained in Mount Sinai for a sweet savour,’ 1 Καὶ 12%- 8, Pg 82-3, Ts 2612, 2 Es 6%, Sir 715, 8. To decree or enact: thus Irish Articles of Religion (1615), art. 11, ‘God from all eternity did his unchangeable counsel ordain whatever in time should come to pass’; Milton, PL vii. 187— ‘To Him and praise whose wisdom had ordained out of evil to create.’ In AV this meaning occurs in Est 97 ‘The Jews ordained ...

that they would keep these two days,’ 1 Es 6% 8%, 2 Es 717 84, To 15 87, Ad. Est 149, 1 Mac 4° 7, 1 Co 27, Eph 2, ἃ, To destine, set apart, appoint. This is the most frequent use of the word in AV, but it must not be confounded with the modern eccles. use, which does not occur. It is found in 2 Καὶ 235, 2 Ch 11 ‘He ordained him priests for the high places,’ Jer 1°, Dn 2%, 1 Es 8%, Ad.

Est 13°, Wis 93, Sir 48", 1 Mac 3° 10”, Mk 344, Jn 15", Ac 1” 10 138 14% 16: 1751, Ro 7° 13, 1 Ti 2, Tit 1°, He δ᾽ 83, Jude’. Cf. Gn 24" Tind. ‘The same is she that thou hast ordened for thy servaunte Isaac’; Shaks. J Henry VI. τ. i. 171— *To Eltham will I, where the young king is, Being ordained his special governor, And for his safety there I'll best devise.’ Ordinance.

— The translators of the Rhemish version complain of the ‘corrupt translation of Heretikes’ in rendering δικαιώματα in Lk 15 by ‘ordinances.’ Their own word is ‘justifications,’ and they say, ‘This word is so usual in the Scrip- tures (namely [=especially] in the Psal. 118) to signifie the commaundements of God, because the Glo: * The Heb.

words are: "by Nu 298, 1 Καὶ 1282 33; 45° 1 Ch 9%, Ps 82; ΟἿ or ΟἿ 1 Ch 17%, Ps 815, Hab 113; jn3 2 K 239, Jer 15; voy 2Ch 1115; pom Ps 85; ὙΨ Ps 13217, 18 3053; Syp Py 713; nod Is 2612; ovpn Est 927; ΜΝ) or 72D Dn 2%. And the Greek words: ἀναδείκννιω 1 Es 8%; γίνομαω Ac 122; γράφν To 16; διατάσσω 1 Co 7)? O14, Gal 319; Iau 1 Es 88; δεγωκτίζν 1 Es 634; ἱκτίνω Sir 719; ἱπιτάσεω ΤῸ 87; ἴστημω 1 Mac 400 70; καϑίς- emus 1 Mac 855 10%, Tit 15, He 5183: καταγράφω Sir 4310 κατα.

σαιυάζω Wis 92, He 08; κρίνω Ac 164; ὁρίζν Ad. Est 149, Ac 1042 1731; ποιίω Mk 814; ᾽᾿προγράφω Judes; προιτοιμάζν Eph 210; σροορζων 1 Co 27; τάσεν Ad.

Est 18%, Ac 134, Ro 18]; ridnus Jn 6, 1 Ti 27; γωροτονίν Ac 148, The words in 2 Es are conservo wo ‘dispono τῇ ordine 814, keeping of them is justification, and the Greeke is alwaies so fully correspondent to the same, that the Heretikes in this place (otherwise pretending to esteeme much of the Greeke) blush not to say, that they avoid this word of purpose, against the. justification of the Papists.

And therefore one tBezal useth Tullies word forsooth, in Latin con- stituta, and his scholars in their English Bibles say Ordinances.’ The word is, however, used by the ‘Heretikes’ for δικαίωμα only thrice, Lk 1%, He 91.100 For other Heb. and Greek words it is fre- quently employed, but the meaning is always ‘that which has been ordained or appointed.

’ ‘Ordnance (the appointed size or bore of acannon, thence transferred to the cannon itself) is the same word, and was not distinguished in spelling in Old English. Thus Erasmus, Commune Crede, fol. 31, ‘This fayth doth arme us, and make us bolde without ony feare, and invincible agaynst all the engynes and all the ordinaunce of the world and of the deville.’ J. HASTINGS.