Treasure, treasurer, treasury (Hastings' Dictionary)

The word ' treasure ' is used in EV in two distinct senses, which are approximately represented in English by ' store' and ' storehouse' respectively. The same amliiguity of meaning (which might be avoided in English by uniformly employing ' trea- sure' for the one sense and ' treasury for the other, or by abolishing the latter term altogether and re- placing it by ' storehouse ' or the like) attaches to some of the words wliich in the original of the OT are the source of these renderings.

(1) 'Treasure' in the sense of store u-sually stands for Heb. iv'in (generally plur. n'njix) : of gold, silver, costly utensils, etc., Jos 6'"- •* (the vessels found in Jericho [AV and RV have here ' treasury,' which is not so suitable a tr. as ' trea- sure ' or ' store ']), Is '2' 30' 45' (' treasures of dark- ness,' i.e.

concealed, hoarded treasures), Hos 13", Jer 15'» IV 20» 48' 49 b\^, 1 K H^'", 2 K 24'^"", perhaps also Is 3'J^- , although this should pcihaps come under (2) ; wealth in general, Pr lo'^ 21«' 1 Ch 29" (the contributions for the building of tha t«mple [here both AV and RV have rightly ' trea- sure,' but, strangely enough, RV gives 'treasury TREASUEE, TREASUEER, TREASURY TREE 808 Id tlie similar passage, Ezr 2" = ><eli 7"'], called in 1 Ch 29' pc.i, lit.

' crond,' ' abundance,' AV and RV ' store,' cf. 2 Ch SI'") ; of stores of food, drink, etc.,1 Cli 27-'- ^^lAV and KV 'increase'), 2 Ch 11" (AV and KV 'store'); lij:;. ' treasures of wicked- ness' (Mic 6'°, I'r 10=), ' the fear of the LOKD is his treasure ' (Is 33"). "TreMure" standi in OT also tori. Jjh, lit ' rtrenifth ' : Pr 15«, Elk 22» (AV and UV In iKjth • treasure'). The Heb. tenn Ov.

vun» &l80 in la S3^ (AV Blreiij;th,' KV 'abundance'), Jer 2\fi (AV ' utrenglh ', RV 'riches'), Pr 2"3« (AV and KV • riches 'j. 2. pDr5 hidiUn (treasureX' V |DD 'conceal': On 4^23 (of money hid in the sacks of Joseph's brothers), Is 459 (treasures at present hidden are to become the spoil of C.vrus), Jer 4is (AV ' treasures,' RV 'stores,' of wheat, barley, oil, and honey hidden in a field).

Job 3-i (^uuie lon(j for death as for hid treasures), Pr t (wisdom is to be sought for like hid treasures). 3. The aarae is the meaning of D'j?^7 in Dn 1148, where, indeed, it is possible that we ought to read D'JC.:p. 4. niil^"?, from / po 'to be of use,' 'to benefit' (see below for the examples of lui use). S. Tir;; (Kgrt) or Tn^ (Ketli.), in plur. D^'nTri;^, Is 10'3, lit. ' the things prepared or provided for them,' AV and RV ' their treasures.' 6.

The combination '^^ Sin 'jior (RV ' the hidden treasures of the sand'), Dt 331^, may allude to the wealth derived from the manufacture of glass (see Driver, ad loc.) 1. -1S3, prop. • precious ore,' Job ^i*"- ^ (AV in first 'gold,' in second 'defence,' RV in both 'treasure,' m. 'ore"). 8. For Mai 3i7 ('a peculiar treasure') see art. Jewel. e. C'j2i5, Ob » (AV ' hidden things,' RV ' hidden treasures ). 'Treasure' in NT is always B-qaavpbt except in Ac 8", where the word ydia.

from the Persian is used of the tix'.isure of queen Candace. 97j<raupis occurs in Mt 2" (of the treasures carried by the nia-i), 6"' ••"•»! || Lk 12^-^ (of the treasures of earth contrasted with those of heaven ; cf. the treasure in heaven spoken of in Mt 19-' || Mk 10'-' and Lk 18~), Mt 13" (the kingdom of heaven is like treasure hid in a field ; cf. the above OT j/a-ssages Jer 41", Job 3", Pr Q*), He U-"' (' the trea- sures of Egypt'); fig.

in 2 Co 4' ('we have this treasure in earthen vessels ' ; see art. POTTER, p. iSf"), Col 2' ('in Christ are all the treasures of wisdom hid '). (2) ' Treasure or ' treasury ' in the sense of storehouse is almost alwajs the tr. in OT of n'3 irn : Neh ICP (cf. 12" and Dn 1-), Mai 3'° (AV and RV 'storehouse') ; or, more frequentlv, witli- out then'i: 1 K 7" IS'""', 2 K 12" 14" Hii 1S'», Jer 38" 50^ (lig. of Jahweh's armourv) v."(?)

, Dt 32" (the guilt of the heathen is sealetl up in God's treasury till the day of retribution come ; see Driver, ad loc. ), 1 Ch 9=« 26" "-' »^- «• » 28'"", 2 Ch 5' IGM?) 3-S-^ (cf. Ezk 28), Jl 1" (AV and RV 'garners'), Pr 8-', Neh 13'2- '». Cf. the use of nijjf ? in 2 Ch 3'2®. ijin is used fig. of God's store- houses for rain, snow, hail, wind, sea, in Dt 28'-, Job 38"'"', Jer 10" 51", Ps 33' 135' ; cf. the use of O'jiEf in Job 20=. In the king's ' treasure house ' of Ezr 5" (r;ij? n'3, cf.

6' and 7-") the archives of the kingdom were kept. In Est 3" 4' the treasury of the Persian king appears under the name il^sn "i}} ; cf. the likewise Persian name m;; in 1 Ch '28". We read of 'treasure (RV 'store') cities' ('-'ji; rSi7f!;) in Ex 1" [J], 1 K 9'" ( = 2Ch 8»), 2 Ch 8 17". For the custom of storing up provisions in particular cities cf. Gn 41*- ", and see an account of the granaries and 'store houses' of ancient Egypt in Maspuro, Dawn of Civilization, 284.

ror the chanibeis (n^Dp^) or cells used for storage puri)08e» in the temple see next article. In the NT ' treasure ' = ' treasury ' is (a) flTjffoupAj : Mt 12" II Lk 6" (the (jood or evil treasury of the heart) 13" (' which bnngeth out of his treasury things new and old ') ; (5) once, Mt 27', it is Kopffai'os (from Heb.

(TliJ ; see CoKIiAN), 'place of (wicred] gifts' ; (c) ya{o<pv\iKioy ; see next article ; ((/) in Lk I'i" (' wiiich have neither storehouse tmr barn ') the word for 'ttorehouso' is rosier [in Dt 28' and Pr 3'" for the Heb. O'eCN ; AV in former 'storehouses,' RV 'barns,' which is atlopted by both versions in the latter]. Treasurer occurs as follows. 1. Neh 12" ' I made treasurers (Hiph. of -isn) over the store- houses' (ni-i)(inn-S;', AV and RV 'treasuries'). 2.

Ezr 1' 'MiTHKEDATH the treasurer'; 7" 'I, Artaxerxes, make a decree to all the treasurers.' The terra (found also in Aram., New Heb., and Syr.) here used is i;i3, plur. k;1|!?, a loan-word from the Persian ganjvar, Pehlevi ganzavar. 3. Dn 3''' Aram. k.'I^'jj (plur. einphat.) This may be a by-form of the aljove «;"!;:: (so Prince), or a textual error for K.'-i?-n ( AV and RV ' counsellers ') found in vv.*- " 4" G' (so Graetz, Bevan, et ril.)

Rut it seems more likely that it is a dittography from the following k;-!;-i. This conclusion (which is that of Lagarde, NiUdeke, et al. ; Driver and Marti leave the question open) is supported by the circumstance that the LXX and Theod. Iiave only seven ollicials in place of the eiglit of MT. 4. Is '22", of Shebna. 'The Heb. term pr (fully discussed under art. Shebna) would be better rendered 'servitor' or 'steward.' 5. Ro 16^, where RV substitutes 'treasurer' for AV 'chamberlain' as tr.

of o/Koi-AMot (see Steward). J. A. Selbie.