מַחְלָפָה

מַחְלָפָה

a ringlet of hair (as gliding over each other)

Definition

The Hebrew noun מַחְלָפָה (machlâphâh) refers specifically to a lock or ringlet of hair, particularly one that is braided or intertwined. It derives from a root meaning 'to pass through' or 'to weave,' suggesting hair that is plaited or arranged in a complex manner. In its only two biblical occurrences, both in Judges 16:13 and 16:19, it describes the seven locks of Samson's hair, which were the source of his Nazirite strength. The word emphasizes not just hair, but hair organized into distinct, separate braids.

Biblical Usage

This word is used exclusively in the narrative of Samson and Delilah in the book of Judges. In both instances (Judges 16:13, 16:19), it refers to the seven distinct braids or locks of Samson's head. The context is pivotal to the story, as these 'machlâphâh' are the object of Delilah's manipulation and the tangible source of Samson's divinely appointed strength. The usage is highly specific and tied directly to this one dramatic episode.

Etymology

מַחְלָפָה comes from the root חָלַף (chalaph, H2498), which means 'to pass on, pass through, or change.' This root conveys motion and exchange. The noun form likely developed the sense of a 'lock of hair' from the idea of hair strands being passed or woven through one another to create a braid. Cognates in other Semitic languages also relate to plaiting or intertwining.

Semantic Range

This word is theologically significant as it is directly tied to the Nazirite vow and God's covenant promise to Samson (Judges 13:5). The seven 'machlâphâh' were the visible sign of Samson's consecration and the channel through which God's supernatural strength operated. Their cutting symbolized the breaking of his vow and the subsequent departure of God's Spirit (Judges 16:20). Understanding this specific term highlights the tangible, physical nature of Samson's dedication and the severe consequences of its violation. In ancient Israelite culture, hair—especially uncut hair—carried significant symbolic weight, particularly for a Nazirite who was set apart for God's service (Numbers 6:5). Braiding or arranging hair into distinct locks (machlâphâh) was a common practice. For Samson, these were not merely hairstyles but the sacred, physical manifestation of his lifelong vow. His hair was the public, identifiable mark of his unique relationship with Yahweh. שַׂעַר (sa'ar, H8181) — The general term for 'hair' or 'hairy hide.' מַחְלָפָה is a specific type of arranged hair, while שַׂעַר is the generic material.

Word Details