מָנוֹחַ

מָנוֹחַ

Manoach, an Israelite

Definition

Manoach (מָנוֹחַ) is a proper noun referring to Manoah, the father of the biblical judge Samson. He is a Danite from Zorah, whose story is told in Judges 13. His primary role is as the divinely chosen father who receives the angelic announcement of Samson's birth and the Nazirite instructions (Judges 13:3-5). The narrative highlights his character as devout, cautious, and ultimately faithful, as he offers a sacrifice to the Lord after realizing he has seen an angel (Judges 13:19-20). The name itself means 'rest' or 'resting place,' which is significant given the turbulent period of the Judges.

Biblical Usage

This name is used exclusively in Judges 13, appearing 14 times. It is used in the narrative context of the annunciation and birth of Samson. The usage consistently identifies Manoah in relation to his wife (e.g., Judges 13:2), his interactions with the angel of the Lord (e.g., Judges 13:8, Judges 13:11), and his role in fulfilling the divine instructions for Samson's upbringing (e.g., Judges 13:12-13).

Etymology

Manoach is identical to the common noun מָנוֹחַ (H4494), meaning 'resting place,' 'quiet,' or 'rest.' It derives from the root נוּחַ (nuach, H5117), meaning 'to rest,' 'to settle down,' or 'to leave.' As a personal name, it reflects the common Hebrew practice of using virtue or circumstance-based nouns.

Semantic Range

Manoah's story underscores God's initiative in raising up deliverers during Israel's cycles of apostasy. His experience highlights themes of divine promise, human obedience (and initial misunderstanding), and the importance of faithful parenthood in God's plan. The meaning of his name, 'rest,' is thematically poignant as his son Samson begins to deliver Israel from Philistine oppression, a step toward the 'rest' Israel lacked (Judges 13:1). Understanding the name connects Samson's violent career to the ultimate goal of national peace and God-given rest. As an Israelite from the tribe of Dan, Manoah represents a faithful layperson during the chaotic period of the Judges. His immediate assumption that he and his wife would die after seeing God (Judges 13:22) reflects a common ancient belief about the danger of direct divine encounter. His role in offering a sacrifice, typically a priestly duty, shows the flexibility of religious practice in this era before centralized temple worship. Noah (נֹחַ, H5146) — Shares the same root (נוח) and core concept of 'rest,' but Noah is a distinct patriarchal figure from Genesis. Menuchah (מְנוּחָה, H4496) — The more common feminine noun form meaning 'resting place,' 'repose,' or 'comfort.'

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