Bible Word Study
מַטְרֵד
Maṭrêd · Matred, an Edomitess
מַטְרֵד
Matred, an Edomitess
Definition
Matred is a proper name identifying an Edomitess, the mother of Mehetabel, who was the wife of Hadar (also called Hadad), a king of Edom (Genesis 36:39, 1 Chronicles 1:50). The name itself is derived from a Hebrew root meaning 'to drive away' or 'to thrust,' suggesting a sense of propulsion or pursuit. As a personal name, it likely carried a descriptive or aspirational meaning, possibly characterizing the bearer or the parents' hopes. The biblical text provides no further narrative about Matred herself; her significance lies entirely in this genealogical record.
Biblical Usage
The name Matred is used exclusively in two parallel genealogical lists detailing the kings and chiefs of Edom. It appears in Genesis 36:39 and is repeated in 1 Chronicles 1:50. In both instances, it functions solely to identify the maternal lineage of a royal Edomite wife, Mehetabel. There is no narrative usage or development of the character; its role is purely onomastic within a structured genealogy.
Etymology
Matred (מַטְרֵד) is derived from the Hebrew root טרד (ṭārad, H2956), which means 'to drive away,' 'pursue,' 'chase,' or 'thrust.' The name is a participle form, conveying an active sense such as 'the one who drives' or 'propulsive.' This follows a common Hebrew practice of using verbs or verbal forms as personal names, often reflecting an attribute or hope.
Semantic Range
As an Edomite name, Matred reflects the cultural and linguistic connections between the Edomites (descendants of Esau) and the Israelites. The use of a Hebrew root for an Edomite name indicates shared linguistic heritage. In ancient Near Eastern culture, personal names were often meaningful, not just arbitrary labels, potentially describing character, destiny, or a parent's experience. Her mention solely as a mother in a king's genealogy highlights the importance of lineage and maternal identity in royal records.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]