Bible Word Study
נְשִׁיקָה
nᵉshîyqâh · a kiss
נְשִׁיקָה
a kiss
Definition
The Hebrew noun נְשִׁיקָה (nᵉshîyqâh) refers specifically to a kiss, an act of physical affection or greeting. In its two biblical occurrences, it carries distinct emotional tones. In Proverbs 27:6, it describes the 'profuse' or 'many kisses' of an enemy, which are deceitful and not to be trusted. Conversely, in Song of Solomon 1:2, the word is used in the plural to express the passionate, desired kisses of a beloved, highlighting genuine affection and intimacy.
Biblical Usage
This word is used only twice in the Old Testament, in two very different wisdom contexts. In Proverbs 27:6, it is used metaphorically in a warning about hypocrisy ('Faithful are the wounds of a friend; profuse are the kisses of an enemy'). In Song of Solomon 1:2, it is used literally and romantically as part of the lovers' dialogue ('Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth!'). The usage shows the kiss as a potent symbol for either deceptive or genuine affection.
Etymology
Derived from the root verb נָשַׁק (nāshaq, H5401), which means 'to kiss' or, in some contexts like Genesis 41:40, 'to arm' or 'to equip' (likely from the idea of joining or attaching). נְשִׁיקָה is the feminine noun form, concretizing the action of the verb into the act or the kisses themselves.
Semantic Range
While a simple noun, נְשִׁיקָה appears in key passages that explore the nature of truth and deception (Proverbs) and the God-given goodness of marital love (Song of Solomon). Understanding the Hebrew enriches reading by highlighting the stark contrast between its two uses: the same physical act can be the ultimate symbol of betrayal or the purest expression of covenantal love, mirroring broader biblical themes about the heart's intentions. In the ancient Near East, a kiss was a common gesture of greeting, respect, familial love, and reconciliation (e.g., Genesis 29:11, 2 Samuel 14:33). It could be given on the hand, feet, or cheek. The use in Song of Solomon reflects its role in romantic intimacy, while the Proverb leverages the cultural normality of the kiss to underscore the shock and danger of its deceptive use. נָשַׁק (nāshaq, H5401) — the root verb meaning 'to kiss'. חֶסֶד (ḥesed, H2617) — often translated 'lovingkindness' or 'steadfast love'; a deeper, covenantal concept of love that undergirds genuine affection, in contrast to the deceptive kiss in Proverbs.
Word Details
How this works
Definitions are from the Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (BDB, 1906, public domain). Concordance and morphology data are from the OSHB (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible).
Full methodology & sources →References
- Abbott-Smith, G. (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Brown, F., Driver, S.R. and Briggs, C.A. (1906) A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Public Domain]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Tyndale Brief lexicon of Extended Strongs for Greek (TBESG). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Tyndale House, Cambridge (n.d.) Translators Formatted full LSJ (TFLSJ). STEPBible. Available at: https://www.stepbible.org. [CC BY 4.0]
- Thayer, J.H. (1889) A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. [Public Domain]
- Gesenius, W. (1846) Gesenius' Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament. [Public Domain]
- Dodson, J. (2010) Greek Lexicon. Biblical Humanities. [CC0]