שָׁלָה

שָׁלָה

a wrong

Definition

The Hebrew word שָׁלָה (shâlâh) refers to a 'wrong' or 'thing amiss,' specifically denoting an error, fault, or transgression. In its sole biblical occurrence in Daniel 3:29, it describes an act of wrongdoing against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. The term implies a deviation from what is right or proper, carrying a sense of culpability. As an Aramaic loanword used in the Hebrew Bible, it conveys the idea of a punishable offense in a legal or divine context.

Biblical Usage

This word appears only once in the Old Testament, in the Aramaic portion of the book of Daniel. It is used in a royal decree by King Nebuchadnezzar, who declares that anyone who speaks 'a wrong' (שָׁלָה) against the God of the three Jewish youths will be severely punished (Daniel 3:29). The context is a formal, legal proclamation following a miraculous divine intervention, establishing the term within a framework of imperial law and religious reverence.

Etymology

שָׁלָה is an Aramaic noun derived from a root corresponding to the Hebrew root שָׁלָה (H7952), which means to be negligent or to fail. The Aramaic form entered biblical usage during the exile period, reflecting the linguistic influence of the Babylonian context. Its core meaning relates to fault or error, stemming from the concept of falling short or committing a misdeed.

Semantic Range

Though used only once, this word highlights the biblical theme of the sovereignty of God over human kingdoms. Nebuchadnezzar's decree acknowledges that wrongdoing against the true God is a serious offense, even in a pagan legal system. It underscores that reverence for God transcends cultural boundaries and that divine protection of His people can lead to the recognition of His authority by unbelieving rulers. Understanding this term enriches the reading of Daniel by showing how God's power can transform human laws and perceptions. In the Aramaic-speaking court of Nebuchadnezzar, this term would have been understood as a legal infraction or insult against a deity. In ancient Near Eastern culture, such proclamations were common for kings to protect the honor of gods (and their own authority). The decree reflects a polytheistic environment where adding the God of Israel to the list of protected deities was a political act, recognizing His power without exclusive worship. חֵטְא (chēṭ’, H2399) — a more common Hebrew term for 'sin' or 'missing the mark,' with broader moral and religious connotations. עָווֹן (‘āvôn, H5771) — denotes 'iniquity' or 'guilt,' often implying perversity or crookedness. פֶּשַׁע (pesha‘, H6588) — means 'transgression' or 'rebellion,' emphasizing a willful breach of trust.

Word Details