Tidal
From a Samaritan root "reverence" (Gesenius: Gen 14:1; Gen 14:9). Chedorlaomer's ally, "king of nations," in the invasion of Syria and Palestine. Probably chief of several nomadic tribes who occupied different tracts of Lower Mesopotamia at different times, as the Arabs do there to this day. His name Thurgah (in the Septuagint, Thargal), "the great chief." or "king of nations," is Turanian or Hamitic, the original element of Babylonia's early population.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia on Tidal
Tidal ti'-dal (tidh`al; Thalga, Thalgal, Codex E, Thargal): ⇒See a list of verses on TIDAL in the Bible. 1. The Name and Its Forms: Tidal is mentioned in Ge 14:1,9 in the account of the expedition of Chedorlaomer of Elam, with his allies, Amraphel of Shinar (Babylonia), Arioch of Ellasar, and Tidal, who is called "king of nations" (the King James Version) (goyim, Targum `ammin). Whether the last-named took part in this expedition as one of Chedorlaomer's vassals or not is unknown. The Greek form possibly prints to an earlier pronunciation Tadgal. ⇒See also the McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia. 2. Its Babylonian Equivalent: The only name in the cuneiform inscriptions resembling Tidal is Tudhula, or, as it was probably later pronounced, Tudhul. This, from its form, might be Sumerian, meaning "evil progeny," or the like. In addition to the improbability of a name with such a signification, however, his title "king of goyim," or "nations," in Ge 14:1, presupposes a ruler of another race. 3. The Babylonian Tudhula and His Time: The inscription in which the name Tudhula occurs is…
Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible on Tidal
Kin^ of GollM, who, alon^' with Ariocli of EUasar and Amrajihel of Shiuur, followed his suzerain, Chudorlaonier of Elaui, in his campaigns in Palestine (tin H'-"). His name has recently been found * by Mr. Pinches in a cuneiform tablet {Up. iii. 2. 13) under the form of T\id^'hula in con- nexion with Eri-Aku of Larsa, Kli:uiiniu[rabi] of Babylon, and Kudur-Lajjhghamar of Klani. Tud- ghula is here called the son of Cjazzu[ni]. In another tablet relating to the same hi-storical events we read : ' Who is Kudur - Lagh^hamar, the worker of evil ? He has assembled the Umman Manda, he has laid waste the people of Bel {i.e. the Babylonians), and [has marched] at their side.' Tlie Umman Manda, or 'Barbarian Hordes,' were the mountaineers who lived to the north of Elam, and the name given to them is the Bab. equivalent of the lleb. Goiim. It seems probable, therefore, that Tudghula or Tid'al came trom the mountains J«.E. of Babylonia. A. H. Sayce. TIGLATH - PILESER (ijN^rn^jn ; B 'A\yae a.\daap]). The Tiglalh-pileser of OT is Tiglath-pileser III. of the native monuments, whose original name wa…
Smith's Bible Dictionary on Tidal
(great son) is mentioned only in (Genesis 14:1,9) (B.C. about 1900.) He is called “king of nations,” from which we may conclude that he was a chief over various nomadic tribes who inhabited different portions of Mesopotamia at different seasons of the year, as do the Arabs at the present day.
References
- Orr, J. (ed.) (1915) The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Chicago: Howard-Severance Company. [Public Domain]
- Easton, M.G. (1893) Easton's Bible Dictionary. 3rd edn. Thomas Nelson. [Public Domain]
- Nave, O.J. (1897) Nave's Topical Bible. Topical Bible Publishing Co.. [Public Domain]
- Hastings, J. (ed.) (1909) A Dictionary of the Bible. Edinburgh: T&T Clark. [Public Domain]
- Smith, W. (ed.) (1884) Smith's Bible Dictionary. London: John Murray. [Public Domain]
- Fausset, A.R. (1878) Fausset's Bible Dictionary. [Public Domain]A Critical and Expository Bible Cyclopaedia